Tubes used in aviation are generally radioactive, but at very low levels. Atmospheric radiation (due to radiation from space and higher altitudes) is quite variable and wreaks havoc on the output of equipment with tubes, so they are doped with isotopes like cobalt 60, so that tends to swamp out the variability that comes from atmospheric, making the radiation effects on tube activity more stable.
Such tubes in military equipment are isolated out and dealt with appropriately in the bone yards for the birds, so it is not likely that they escape into the wild. The biggest bone yard for the AF is here in Tucson.
Tubes for commercial audio and radio gear I know nothing about.
Enjoy,
Rich P