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Zilch's AK Design Collaborative - Econowave Speaker

The Hi efficiency crossover seems to be suitable for use with the B&C De250 driver mounted on a QSC HPR152F waveguide (horn) as is. I had a few dedicated hi efficiency versions designed for the JBL LE14A on hand, so used a pair of them for these tests. The LE14A likes a low pass of 900 Hz rather than the standard Xovers 1.2 KHz. The first set of FR's shows the unit with a 900 Hz low pass on the bottom. The upper is after the parts are changed to 1.5 mH and 12 microfarads to raise the low pass to standard. As Gordon predicted, the crossover becomes pretty seamless. Much nicer.

I tried increasing the HF compensation capacitor to 2.5 microfarads with no basic difference in FR between the 1.5 and 2.5 values. Trying less capacitance would not yield the desired effect (it would cut the correction), so I didn't try that.

The last picture shows the test of a B&C DE250/QSC waveguide mounted in the cabinet, along with a Selenium D220Ti mounted on the JBL 6 X 12 waveguide sitting directly above the QSC waveguide. The FR's generated were accomplished by connecting the desired combo to the same crossover with the same settings on the L-Pad. The microphone was aimed down the throat of the waveguide under test. The only difference during testing was the height of the JBL/Selenium combo was about ten inches above the B&C/QSC. The mic stand was not moved, only the angle of the microphone.

The second set of FR's shows both units at maximum setting of the L-Pad. The B&C is the top FR, and the Selenium is the bottom. The difference in output level looks to be about 1-2 dB at best. The HF compensation is virtually identical, except that the B&C falls off above 16 KHZ, while the Selenium falls off at a slower rate.

The third set of FR's is with the L-Pad set to a decent listening level. Again, the top FR is the B&C and the bottom is the Selenium. The Selenium looks to have a bit of drop in the mid range, but that could be instrumentation error or even my body positioning during the test. Both ends of the FR's are virtually identical except that the B&C has that drop off above 16 KHz.

I will etch another pair of crossover boards this afternoon to build a low efficiency set to test both combos against each other. That will be simpler than cutting most of the HF parts off the existing boards, since they are dedicated to a particular unit. RTV silicone is a great way to hold parts down, but it does make repair a nasty proposition.
 

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Perhaps a Sunbeam Tiger/Alpine just creeping into view???

Good eye, ROSSO. It is a Series 1 Alpine, made in 1959. It is Chevy powered, a 2.2 litre four cylinder and 5 speed gearbox from an S-10 pickup. Tigers are Ford powered, this one is just a pussycat.
 
Zobel

I want to figure some zobels for various EWave projects I am limping through. My super duper Soundeasy software which only partially functions on my system, has a Zobel calculator, but it requires the user to know, or I presume somehow measure, the woofer's Rel: (Eddy resistance. The D'Appolito book says eddy currents cause heat which increase resistance and decrease inductance as frequency rises.) I can see how that relates, but....where to get this?


I know some people apply a zobel like a notch acting against acoustic response problems in the upper range of the woofer. But we're really trying to flatten the impedance so our core filters function better, predictably. I know this is basic, but I can't do this.

How do you guys calculate zobels?
 
Not a Zobeler:

The Zobel calculators based simply on Le have never worked for me. As you suggest, woofer inductance is more complex, but I haven't worked through that.

My approach is more empirical -- measure the impedance, stick in a "best guess" Zobel, and tweak it flat(est). For the most part, that has turned out to be an academic exercise as, once it's in the crossover, I'm tweaking again to optimize the response.

As Dickason shows using crossover simulation software, a Zobel is rarely required. It's textbook we're talking here and I know of only one actual product built that way, a Realistic Nova, I believe it was, and it didn't have a Zobel either.... :dunno:
 
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Well I am assembling parts for my second Ewave project, the first went to a happy friend in town.

The first time around I used the D220ti/LE14A combo and I would like to supersize it this time with a high quality 15" woofer and perhaps the B&C driver you guys are testing. It doesn't seem like that 250 goes low enough to mate with most 15" drivers, or am I wrong? I have just ordered the QSC waveguide to try something new in this project. Maybe a JBL 2225/B&C combo?:dunno:

P.S. I just realized that a 15" woofer is going to also increase the distance between the drivers centers even more than the increased size of the QSC waveguide, better to stick with a 12"?
 
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Well I am assembling parts for my second Ewave project, the first went to a happy friend in town.

The first time around I used the D220ti/LE14A combo and I would like to supersize it this time with a high quality 15" woofer and perhaps the B&C driver you guys are testing. It doesn't seem like that 250 goes low enough to mate with most 15" drivers, or am I wrong? I have just ordered the QSC waveguide to try something new in this project. Maybe a JBL 2225/B&C combo?:dunno:

P.S. I just realized that a 15" woofer is going to also increase the distance between the drivers centers even more than the increased size of the QSC waveguide, better to stick with a 12"?
15s are problematic in several respects: directivity, sound quality at higher frequencies, and center to center distance.

Geddes plays the DE250 down to 1 kHz or below, but that's on a commensurately large waveguide; QSC is losing pattern control in both dimensions below 1.6 kHz, even if the driver will play lower.

JBL runs 15s high in many SR products, but that doesn't mean the practice translates to high fidelity.

http://www.jblpro.com/pub/obsolete/2225hj.pdf
 
Thanks Zilch,

Yeah, I was actually very happy with the sound of the LE14a. Best bass I have ever had in my house. I thought the Selenium driver was very good but if I am going to do this again I would like something a step up from it:yes:.
 
15s with the 'standard' waveguide work very well. Just keep the edge of the waveguide right next to the woofer. Off-axis response is not a problem, with a 15" set up for maximum off-axis response (which requires a bell-shaped cone, IME- straight-sided "pure cone shape" cones don't do as well).

Regards,
Gordon.
 
One down, one more to go...

I got home from work a little early and my wave guides were on the porch! :banana: I was able to finish one speaker so I just hooked it up on one side with the stock CS-77A on the other side. I haven't measured anything yet, but it sounds like the mids are scooped. (Probably because I'm so used to the emphasized mids in the CS-77s.) Overall, I think it's got great potential. Can't wait to finish the other speaker tomorrow and give them a real workout!
 

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Here are the Econowaves now.


What can I say? If I only had one word it would be FUN

just plain fun.

I am too jaded to be an impartial judge at the moment, but I don't care just right now :D
 

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Wow!
Beautiful job on the cabinets and the Altecs look great!
I'd love to hear those.
Congrats.:tresbon:

What is the box volume and tuning?
 
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I haven't measured anything yet, but it sounds like the mids are scooped. (Probably because I'm so used to the emphasized mids in the CS-77s.)

If they sounded "scooped", check polarity between the waveguide and woofer. Try reversing either both waveguides OR both woofers in polarity, and see if it sounds any more balanced.

If you do have a polarity error, that would cause a pretty big response dip at around 750Hz to 2000Hz or so. That would definitely be noticeable...

Regards,
Gordon.
 
I ran a sine wave sweep through the PE Trapcabs and found resonances at about 450 and 650 Hz. Will try to jam it with fiberglass today/tomorrow.
 
I just saw Zilch's reference to "charge-coupled" crossovers, with the 9V batteries. What's the lowdown/skinny/scoop on these?
 
Let teh tweaking begin!

Here are some semi-scientific results from a couple of tweaks I tried on one of my e-waves last night.

I got a little FedEx delivery yesterday - a block of 30 ppi reticulated polyurethane foam. A little carving with a serrated bread knife produced a wedge that fit reasonably well into a JBL 338800. I used a little of my wife's sewing thread crisscrossed from screw hole to screw hole to retain the foam for now.

The second mod was courtesy of Home Depot - a 1 pound block of duct seal. Duct seal is a non-hardening tacky clay-like compound normally used to seal conduits from moisture infiltration. It also makes a nice damping compound. The outside of the waveguide got a nice layer of duct seal from throat to flange, maybe 1/4" thick. This damped a lot of the tinny sound I get from tapping on the flange of the WG. For now my WG's are sitting on top of the woofer boxes, so the edges are free to vibrate. With the damping they are much more dead.

This morning I dragged the PC into the living room and took some impulse and FR measurements on the treated and untreated E'waves. I have some better tools on the way, but for now I'm using a Radio Shack dB meter as a mic, plugged into the on-board sound card of my PC. I know from experience that this setup has no response over about 7k, so that's the upper limit. I unhooked the woofers to measure just the JBL 338800/DT220i combo with the stock E'wave xover. The mic was set 8" from the flange, directly on axis with the throat. The software in use is ARTA.

Two screen shots are attached. The conversion to jpg was not kind to them, but they'll do for now. The first one shows the impulse response of each WG, offset vertically. The green trace is untreated, the yellowish one has the foam + duct seal. Maybe a little less ringing after the main spike in the treated WG?

The second pic shows the impulses converted to FR plots with 1/24 octave smoothing. This time blue is treated, green is the untreated WG. The FR of the treated WG looks a bit smoother. The level is slightly lower (though a small error in mic placement could easily account for that), but the response between 1800 and 2800 is smoother, the dip at 3000 is filled in, and there is less difference between the peaks at 4000 and 6500.

Very small differences to be sure, but all to the good I'd say. Next steps will be to treat the other WG and check whether the differences disappear, and to give them a good critical listen. After that, I may get bold enough to pry the bug screens out of the 220i's. The foam should be enough protection for them, and I would expect some further improvement without the screens in the way.

Bill
 

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Just to make it official...

Here are a couple of shots of my E'waves as they sit this morning. The WG's are sitting on top of a pair of Pioneer B20FU20-W51's in tall, big-vent reflex cabinets. The design can be found at http://www.frugal-horn.com/. A little Blu-tack on the bottom of the driver and the inside of the flange keeps them from falling off. The left channel has a foam plug and duct seal damping on the WG. My RS SPL meter is set up in the measurement position in front of the right channel (see previous post).

Like the wire nuts under the crossover in the third pic? Those will eventually go away, once everything is dialed in.

Lots of audio toys are on their way - a pair of high efficiency 12" woofers, a new measurement mic and an EMU sound card for real measurements. More to come as this project evolves!

Bill
 

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If they sounded "scooped", check polarity between the waveguide and woofer. Try reversing either both waveguides OR both woofers in polarity, and see if it sounds any more balanced.

If you do have a polarity error, that would cause a pretty big response dip at around 750Hz to 2000Hz or so. That would definitely be noticeable...

Regards,
Gordon.
I'll give that a try this morning. After seeing some of the FR graphs in this thread, it makes perfect sense.

One more (hopefully not to silly) question: How much heat do the L-pads generate? I'm running a sealed box and would like to stuff with polyfill. If there's a lot of heat build up, I may have to go with fiberglass although I hate working with that stuff.

Off to the hardware store to grab that missing screw. ;)
 
The Hi efficiency crossover seems to be suitable for use with the B&C De250 driver mounted on a QSC HPR152F waveguide (horn) as is. I had a few dedicated hi efficiency versions designed for the JBL LE14A on hand, so used a pair of them for these tests. The LE14A likes a low pass of 900 Hz rather than the standard Xovers 1.2 KHz. The first set of FR's shows the unit with a 900 Hz low pass on the bottom. The upper is after the parts are changed to 1.5 mH and 12 microfarads to raise the low pass to standard. As Gordon predicted, the crossover becomes pretty seamless. Much nicer.

I tried increasing the HF compensation capacitor to 2.5 microfarads with no basic difference in FR between the 1.5 and 2.5 values. Trying less capacitance would not yield the desired effect (it would cut the correction), so I didn't try that.

The last picture shows the test of a B&C DE250/QSC waveguide mounted in the cabinet, along with a Selenium D220Ti mounted on the JBL 6 X 12 waveguide sitting directly above the QSC waveguide. The FR's generated were accomplished by connecting the desired combo to the same crossover with the same settings on the L-Pad. The microphone was aimed down the throat of the waveguide under test. The only difference during testing was the height of the JBL/Selenium combo was about ten inches above the B&C/QSC. The mic stand was not moved, only the angle of the microphone.

The second set of FR's shows both units at maximum setting of the L-Pad. The B&C is the top FR, and the Selenium is the bottom. The difference in output level looks to be about 1-2 dB at best. The HF compensation is virtually identical, except that the B&C falls off above 16 KHZ, while the Selenium falls off at a slower rate.

The third set of FR's is with the L-Pad set to a decent listening level. Again, the top FR is the B&C and the bottom is the Selenium. The Selenium looks to have a bit of drop in the mid range, but that could be instrumentation error or even my body positioning during the test. Both ends of the FR's are virtually identical except that the B&C has that drop off above 16 KHz.

I will etch another pair of crossover boards this afternoon to build a low efficiency set to test both combos against each other. That will be simpler than cutting most of the HF parts off the existing boards, since they are dedicated to a particular unit. RTV silicone is a great way to hold parts down, but it does make repair a nasty proposition.

So to boil this down, using the same crossover and measuring system:

* the 3K dip in the Selenium/JBL combo may or may not be real. (I've seen it as well and don't know why it's sometimes there and sometimes gone)

* the 16K relative dip in the B&C/QSC combo is a known feature.

Assuming that the resolution of this display isn't obscuring any really nasty peak/dip behavior, I would expect those two combinations to have a very similar tonal balance, at least on axis.

I did the crossover null calculations according to the AES paper.
Assuming:
12" woofer
woofer and waveguide mounted edge to edge
10" QSC waveguide height
6.5" JBL waveguide height
1800 hz acoustic crossover

The forward lobe width of the QSC is 39.5 deg.
The forward lobe width of the JBL is 48 degrees.

For comparison, the 6" X 6" JBL 90 X 90 waveguide crossed over to teh 5.5" B110 midwoofer at 2500 hz produces a forward lobe 56 degrees wide.

Here's a link to the AES paper calculation:
http://www.audiokarma.org/forums/attachment.php?attachmentid=138058&d=1235576982

And a calculator for arcsin:
http://www.analyzemath.com/Calculators_2/arcsin_calculator.html
 
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