The capstan runs at a constant speed (main power Hz dependant).
Doubling the diameter would give twice the circumference, and twice the speed.
You can see that with the id/od you listed.
0.158 ID fits on the 3.75ips spindle, with double the OD (.316) for 7.5ips.
Double that (.632) would give 15ips, may need a pinch roller change.
BTW i bet they are metric, that would be 4mm for id and 8mm for od.